Let Them Hear Them

Text: Luke 16:19-31

Our text today comes from a chapter where our Lord teaches how to hold things in the right perspective. The big topic in the chapter is money and everything that comes with it. St. Luke tells us just before our text that this parable today was given to the Pharisees who happened to be grumbling at Jesus. They were grumbling, Luke said, because “[They] were lovers of money.” (Luke 16:14 English Standard Version) Money and possessions aren’t the only things the Lord teaches about, though. Marriage also comes up, as do good works. What we would like to ruminate on today is: what the right perspective concerning God’s Word is. We are directed this way by the words placed into the mouth of Abraham. He said in the parable, “They have Moses and the Prophets; let them hear them.” (29)

This was Abraham’s response when the rich man desired Lazarus to be sent from heaven to his brothers, so that they wouldn’t end up in hell like he did. This response shows us that the reason he was there was not just that he had a wrong perspective concerning wealth and possessions, how we are to use them. He (and his brothers) was also wrong about God’s Word. His error was simple: He didn’t hear it. The man and his brothers didn’t go to synagogue to hear it read; they didn’t listen to it. They did not consult it times of need. They didn’t have faith. How could they, since they cut off the means by which faith is created? The rich man ended up in hell through his unbelief, which he fed by disregarding God’s Word. So that we might not end up the same way, God had mercy on us. He sent to us His Word so that we, like Lazarus, might recline at His table eternally.

I.

This parable is familiar to us. We hear it every year on the first Sunday after Trinity. It should also be familiar to our confirmation students since it comes up in three out of four years. The setting is that Jesus is teaching, perhaps at a meal, and a mixed crowd is before Him. There were tax collectors and sinners, who had come to confess and be forgiven, but there were also some Pharisees. They grumbled at Jesus for eating with those tax collectors and sinners, and because they rejected Jesus’ teaching that you cannot serve both God and wealth. Our parable is told for their benefit. They were lovers of money, but they also misunderstood God’s Word.

The parable features two men, an unnamed rich man and a beggar, whose name was Lazarus. The rich man, Jesus said, “was clothed in purple and fine linen and…feasted sumptuously every day.” (19) Lazarus, on the other hand, was “covered with sores.” (20) Some people laid him at the rich man’s gate, hoping that some of the partygoers who were there everyday would have mercy on him. Neither they nor the man ever did. Lazarus longed to eat the crumbs that came from the table, but never did. Eventually, he died. Jesus says, “The poor man died and was carried by the angels to Abraham’s side. The rich man also died and was buried, and in Hades, being in torment, he lifted up his eyes and saw Abraham far off, and Lazarus at his side.” (22-23)

II.

Let’s diverge for a moment and talk about why the rich man ended up in hell and why Lazarus went to heaven. It’s very easy to get mixed up about both things, especially if we don’t read the parable as a whole and in the context of the Scriptures as a whole. If we were to ask why the rich man died and went to hell, what do you think most people would say? Some might remember their catechism and answer correctly, but most people would fire from the hip and say there was a lack of love, or some good work was missing. He didn’t help Lazarus; therefore, he went to hell. If we think about it for a minute, that is a terrifying thought. Fail to love one person and you end up in hell for eternity. There’s some truth there, but we’ll come back to that. The text also doesn’t say that. The man held feasts every day, which involved inviting people. So, he was capable of loving. Also, as a prominent and wealthy member of society it was expected that he would be a philanthropist, and he probably was. That much hasn’t changed today. We expect those who have great wealth to do something benefitting others with it.

The reason the rich man died and went to hell is revealed through the conversation with Abraham. First, he indicates no remorse when he demands of Abraham – it is a command in the Greek – “Send Lazarus to dip the end of his finger in water and cool my tongue, for I am in anguish in this flame.” (24) He is sad for where he is but not what got him there. When Abraham denied, then he begged that Lazarus be sent to his father’s house. “For I have five brothers,” he said, “that he may warn them, lest they also come into this place of torment.” (28) Then came the response which we heard already, “They have Moses and the Prophets; let them hear them.” The conversation revealed that the rich man had been a Jew. He had been a part of God’s chosen people according to the flesh and had been entrusted with God’s Word. Only, he didn’t listen to it. He didn’t even hear it read. By this point, not only was there the temple, but also synagogues in every town. Every Sabbath in every Jewish town, the Scriptures were read and taught. Jesus always taught in the synagogues. This man didn’t go. He didn’t hear the Scriptures. Thereby, he cut himself off from the Holy Spirit who creates faith. That is why he ended up in hell. His lack of love was only a symptom of the true illness.

This illness – let’s call it what it really is – this sin, also affects us. Just as it is terrifying, and yet true, to say that a failure to love one’s neighbor can result in eternal condemnation so, too, can failure to hear and learn God’s Word. It is commanded by God in the Third Commandment that we hear, learn, sing, and pray the Word. He commands us to gather with other Christians, if not daily, then at least weekly to do these things together. And it is not without reason. The Bible is God’s saving message to us, where we hear about the forgiveness of sins. But is also active and living. God’s Word is not just the message of salvation, it is the means of it. The Word is the instrument of the Holy Spirit to create faith and sustain us in it. The Word is how He comforts us in all distress. Through the Word God gives us a supernatural peace that confounds the devil. But, still, at times we cannot be bothered to hear it. Now is one of those times. By that, I mean summer. But it’s not just summer. All of us need very little reason to neglect hearing God’s Word, even pastors. We who are here this morning are not excused because, even within this hour and this sermon, our minds have wandered. This is to say nothing of our conduct between Sundays. The rich man went to hell for his unbelieving neglect of the Word, and so will we if we continue.

III.

It’s also easy to be wrong about why Lazarus went to heaven. He didn’t go to heaven because of his good works. He didn’t go to heaven because he was poor. The answer is hidden in his name. Lazarus is the Greek translation of the Hebrew name Eleazar. Eleazar means, “One whom God helps.” The one whom God helps goes to heaven; the one upon whom God has mercy. Such has He had upon us. For this Lazarus, and for us, God the Father sent His own Son into the flesh. We heard last week that Jesus was sent into the flesh not to condemn the world but so that we might be saved through Him. The work of our salvation included Jesus’ active obedience of the Third Commandment.

It was our Lord’s practice to teach in the synagogue every Sabbath day. If He wasn’t teaching, He was listening to the Word. The psalms foretold and the Evangelists wrote that zeal for God’s house consumed our Lord. He loved being in God’s presence. Even as a boy, Jesus confessed, “I must be in My Father’s house,” when they finally found Him in the temple. (Lk. 2:49) There was only one Sabbath Jesus was not in a synagogue. It was when He rested in the tomb, fulfilling the Sabbath Day. He rested after completing His work of our salvation. It was a bloody work. Jesus took our sins into Himself, including our failure to hear and treasure the Word, and He was nailed to the cross. Even with His dying breaths, He honored the Word by praying the psalms from the cross for us. When our atonement had been made, Jesus bowed His head. The price for our sin was paid.

So that we might not end as the rich man, the Lord had mercy on us. He helped us by sending His Son into the flesh. His help does not end there, though, as He has also sent to us His Word. Beginning in our Baptism, and even before for we who were born to Christian parents, He has given us His Word. Through the outward preaching, reading, and singing of the Word, our Lord Jesus Christ sends into our hearts the Holy Spirit. The Spirit uses the Word as His instrument to bring us to faith. Through the Word, He sustains us in all trials, fears, and needs. By the Word, He causes us to love and do good works – not to earn heaven but because our neighbor needs them. Through the Word, He brings us into the bright courts of heaven.

This may be shocking to the Old Adam in our hearts, but it is good and true. it is the right perspective. God would have us be constantly hearing and learning His Word. To neglect this brings eternal ruin. We would have ended the same as the rich man for our neglect had the Lord not had mercy on us. He sent His Son to die for us and now, even in this hour, sends to us – again – His holy Word. Through the Word, the Holy Spirit calls us to faith, returns us to it, and sustains us in it until we die. May He continue this work always. Amen. 

Fear Not, Daughter of Zion

Text: John 12:12-19

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“And Jesus found a young donkey and sat on it, just as it is written, ‘Fear not, daughter of Zion; behold, your king is coming, sitting on a donkey’s colt!’” (John 12:14-15 English Standard Version) We hear these words every year, twice if we count the First Sunday in Advent, because they are of great comfort. These words were originally delivered by the prophet Zechariah to the Judeans returning to their home in Jerusalem, finding it a ruin, and beginning to rebuild. The witness of Scripture is that the rebuilding of Jerusalem after the fall was quite a task and heavily opposed. The people had much to fear. The Lord sent Zechariah to comfort them with the promise of their coming king, the Messiah, who would do away with all their fears. This promise was fulfilled, of course, in Christ. 

We, too, have fear. Rather than get better, it seems of late as if each succeeding year is worse than the one before it. Perhaps that is true. We have reason to be afraid, too, because the devil is going around like a roaring lion, and he seeks to devour us. And, even apart from the devil and the world, there is our own sinfulness that we must, at times, contend with. When we consider how we have behaved as God’s beloved children, we might well be afraid. Jesus says to us today, “Fear not.” Because Jesus rode into Jerusalem to suffer and die for us, and because He rose again from the dead for us, we need not fear – not sin, not death, nor even the devil.

I.

What does it mean, though, that we fear sin or that, properly understood, maybe we should? Let’s consider for a moment our situation in life. We are here today because we are Christians. That is to say, we are here because the Holy Spirit has worked on our hearts and brought us here to receive God’s Holy Word and Sacrament, and to have fellowship with one another. Well before today, we were first brought to faith through the washing of Holy Baptism. As we grew up in the faith, we learned the Ten Commandments. We all learned how they are good and holy. The Commandments teach us what behavior is pleasing to God, what is good for us and for our neighbor. When we learned the Commandments, we also learned how seriously God intends us to think of them. Remember these words,

I the Lord your God am a jealous God, visiting the iniquity of the fathers on the children to the third and the fourth generation of those who hate Me, but showing steadfast love to thousands of those who love Me and keep My commandments?

Exodus 20:5-6

God intends for us (and all people) to keep His Commandments; therefore, He punishes those who break them. God punishes those who sin against Him with both temporal and eternal punishment. The most visible punishment that we see is death. All people die because they are sinners. Because we are sinners, we also will die. At times, this causes us to be afraid. None of us have died before; some have gotten close and lived to tell the tale. But, for most people, the prospect of dying is a scary thing. Unless we are taken by surprise, it will likely be painful. Sometimes we fear death because we don’t know what will happen to those who remain. Some often wonder what happens when the breadwinner of the family dies. These and other things might cause us to be afraid, when we consider death from a human perspective.

There is something else, or someone else, that might also cause us to be afraid. The devil, as St. Peter says, prowls around like roaring lion seeking to devour people in body and soul. He inflames the world to violence, hatred and lies. He constantly sends out temptation after temptation through all sorts of means. He tempts us to doubt God’s goodness and think more highly of ourselves than we should. He is the one that leads us away from regular church attendance and study of the Word. And all this he does, even disguised as an angel of light. If the devil were not held in check, he would even devour us. This, also, might cause us to fear. When we consider the world, ourselves, and the devil, we might very well (and understandably) be afraid. 

II.

This is what Jesus says to us today, “Fear not, daughter of Zion.” “Daughter of Zion,” means the Church; it means us. Why should we not be afraid? Because of what happened this week, some 2,000 years ago. This is the day that our Lord, the eternal Son of God made flesh, approached Jerusalem for the final time. Although He is the king of creation and deserves homage to be made, He rode in not even on a donkey, but on a baby one. Yes, the people did praise Him, but they did not fully understand what was about to happen. Surely, Jesus deserved to be worshipped by people who truly knew and believed in Him. But still, that didn’t stop Him. He went on, anyway. When He got into Jerusalem, He cleansed the temple and continued to teach the true Word of God in it. But all the week, those who hated Him continued seeking ways to kill Him. Finally, they succeeded.

On Thursday, our Lord was betrayed by His own disciple and God the Father handed Him over into the hands of sinful men. Those sinful men did sinful things to our Lord. They mocked Him, spit on Him, hit Him, flogged Him. They stripped Him naked and nailed Him to a cross. Though the devil thought he was winning through all this, however, it was all part of God’s plan. What was a mystery hidden from before the foundation of the world was now being revealed: God would do away with sin by the sacrifice of Himself. That is why Jesus died. He came and died to keep His promise that we should be delivered from sin, death, and the devil, and be granted entrance into His eternal life. This, by the way, is also what Zechariah (a different one) sang about after John the Baptist’s birth.

After Zechariah consented that his son should be named John, Zechariah’s mouth was opened, and the Holy Spirit caused him to sing. He said,

Blessed be the Lord God of Israel, for He has visited and redeemed His people and has raised up a horn of salvation for us in the house of His servant David, as He spoke by the mouth of His holy prophets…that we, being delivered from the hand of our enemies, might serve Him without fear.

Luke 1:68-70, 74

Zechariah saw in the Spirit and prophesied about what happened this week. Although the world may be ever growing worse, and our own sin, the prospect of death, and the devil makes it all worse, Jesus says to us, again, and always, “Fear not, daughter of Zion; behold your king is coming.” Because He did come, because He did die and rise, we need not fear – not sin, not death, not the devil nor hell. Thanks be to God. Amen.

Life in the Spirit vs. The Flesh

Text: Galatians 5:16-24

            Sometimes I pose the question to our Confirmation students and from time to time we tackle it in Bible study, as well, of why it is that we remain in this earthly life as Christians. There are times where we wish that the Lord would just cut through everything and take us right to heaven (and then into the New Creation after the Resurrection). It is the Lord’s will, however, that we remain in the flesh. For most of us, it’s been some time since our Lord called us to faith through our Baptism and by His Word, but we are still waiting for our Lord to return. Why is it that we remain here, though? The initial answer is that there are still more people who need to hear the Good News of the forgiveness of sins through faith in Christ. It is our call as Christians to bear witness in the world through our daily vocations. But it is also part of our call as Christians that we live in fellowship with one another, strengthening and being strengthened in our common faith and witness.

            There is a roadblock to that strengthening and being strengthened, though. It is our sinful flesh, along with the constant temptation to think and act in fleshly ways concerning ourselves and our interactions with each other. St. Paul says, though, that “those who belong to Christ Jesus have crucified the flesh with its passions and desires.” (Galatians 5:24 English Standard Version) He means that, through Baptism, we have died and risen with Christ and have so, also, died to our old ways of living and thinking. In place of the Old Adam, the Holy Spirit now produces His fruit in us, so that we might live in God-pleasing fellowship here with each other, and with our brothers and sisters in Christ throughout creation. Today we confess that the Holy Spirit produces His fruit in us through our Baptism, so that we do not gratify the desires of our flesh, but instead live in fellowship with God and with each other.

I.

            The occasion of St. Paul’s writing to the Galatians is that, after Paul’s initial time with them and the founding of their congregation, some men had come to them claiming to be representatives of the church in Jerusalem. They were pleased with the Galatians’ conversion to the faith but insisted that they must be circumcised and observe the laws of Moses, and that their salvation was conditioned upon those things. To put it in terms we’re familiar with, these imposters tried to turn the Galatians away from faith in Christ and toward their own good works. Therefore, St. Paul reminded them throughout the letter and in our text today that they had already been saved, already had received the Holy Spirit through the gift of faith. He pointed them to their Baptism, saying, “Those who belong to Christ Jesus have crucified the flesh with its passions and desires.”

            This should make us think of that familiar passage we heard from the letter to the Romans last week. We are encouraged by the Apostle that, in Baptism, we were united to Christ’s death and resurrection. We gladly confess that He, for us men and our salvation, came down from heaven. Jesus Christ took our sin upon Himself and paid for it all. By His resurrection, He re-opened to us the gates of heaven. In Baptism, He united each of us to Himself so that His death becomes our death to sin, and His resurrection becomes our raising to new life in the Holy Spirit. In Baptism our Old Adam was crucified with Christ, along with all the old fleshly ways of thinking, and we are now led in life not by the flesh, but by the Spirit of our God. St. Paul delivered us this promise, “If you are led by the Spirit, you are not under the Law.” (v. 18) He means, through Baptism, we are rescued from the condemnation of the Law and now live life by God’s grace through the Holy Spirit.

II.

            But even though we have died and risen with Christ and have received the Holy Spirit, do we always so behave? If we’re honest, no. Neither did the Galatians. When those imposters came it threw them into a death spiral. They lost their focus on Christ and their desire to live in fellowship with each other and reverted into their old ways of living. St. Paul gave a long list of things that were happening among the Galatians: “Sexuality immorality…sensuality, idolatry…enmity, strife, jealousy…rivalries, dissensions, divisions, envy, drunkenness…” (vv. 19-21) His list mirrors in part the list our Lord gave of what makes a person unclean. These are things that start within the heart but then develop into outward actions that are disruptive of fellowship. Whether it was sexual immorality, which disrupts the fellowship of husband and wife (at least), or the rivalries and factions that had developed among the congregation, they had fallen back into their fleshly ways of living and out of fellowship with God and each other.

            “I warn you, as I warned you before,” St. Paul said, “that those who do such things will not inherit the kingdom of God.” (v. 21) These words were given to the Galatians, but they have been delivered to us, as well. The list of things going on among the Galatians contains things that are present in our hearts and in our actions. These desires of the flesh have informed our ways of thinking and acting toward each other. Because of the Fall, all sorts of lusts reside in our hearts, and we have entertained them. If it isn’t lust, we also carry within ourselves all sorts of jealous opinions, envy, and rivalries of various kinds. Even within our congregations, we have seen at times the sort of factions we would expect to see in the unbelieving world, but not in God’s holy sanctuary. Perhaps even now there is fighting and quarreling among us, if only in our hearts. These are but evidence of own reliance on the flesh. We forget that we have died with Christ and live as if we hadn’t. The end of our sin, if left unforgiven, is eternal death. Those who hold their sin close and continue in it will suffer the eternal condemnation of hell.

III.

            Paul wrote these things to the Galatians so that they, and we, might hear them and confess our sins. We do confess them and desire God’s grace to begin anew. Really, that is what it means to be baptized. Yes, we were baptized as an event in the past. Baptized is also the word that describes us now. We make use of our Baptism by daily returning to it through confession and absolution. We have here a good list from St. Paul of things that we are guilty of. We have allowed our flesh to hold sway and the Old Adam has produced in us all sorts of sins against God and our neighbor. We confess this and ask the Lord to grant us His forgiveness, knowing that He already has.

            We also make use of our Baptism when we remember that this sacred washing is one way in which the Holy Spirit does His work among us. Through the water and the Word He produces His fruit in us: “love, joy, peace, patience, kindness, goodness, faithfulness, gentleness, self-control.” (vv. 22-23) The witness of Scripture is that none of these things reside in us by nature and that they are all produced in us by God. Everything bad in us is our own fault and everything good is God’s work alone. We make use of our Baptism when we make use of these fruits: when we love each other as Christ has first loved us; when we take joy over our neighbor’s happiness; when we seek peace among each other and are patient when others sin against us. We make use of our Baptism when we show the kindness and faithfulness toward each other that Christ first showed us.

            This is all why we don’t just zap to heaven after our Baptism. The Lord leaves us here so that we might bear witness to the world of the Good News of Jesus Christ and so that we might live in fellowship with each other. To that end, the Lord calls us to remember that we have died and risen with Him. Through the same Baptism and by the Word, the Holy Spirit produces His fruit in us, so that we are not wholly given to the works of the flesh. May the Holy Spirit continue to make our hearts good soil, that He continually produce good fruit in us, as we live in fellowship with God and each other.

Overcoming the World

Text: 1 John 5:4-10

“Little children, you are from God and have overcome them, for He who is in you is greater than he who is in the world.” (1 John 4:4 English Standard Version) With these words, St. John helps us to understand what he means in our Epistle reading this week. He wrote these words to faithful Christians scattered throughout what was then called Asia Minor, but what we now know as Turkey. They were in distress because, as the decades since our Lord’s Resurrection and Ascension went on, more and more false teachers were appearing – including many who had started out as Christians. Instead of living faithfully in the freedom of the Gospel, they had succumbed to the devil’s lies, returned to his kingdom, and sought to take all other Christians with them. “Little children, you are from God,” St. John encouraged his hearers, “and have overcome them.”

He continued in our text today, “everyone who has been born of God overcomes the world. And this is the victory that has overcome the world—our faith. Who is it that overcomes the world except the one who believes that Jesus is the Son of God?” (1 Jn. 5:4-5) Just last week in the Hymn of the Day, we sang that it was a strange and dreadful strife – when death contended with life – but the victory remained with our Lord. In our time, the Son of God took on our same human flesh, He endured the temptations and assaults of the devil, and through His resurrection, won the victory over the devil and his kingdom. This victory – over sin, death, and the devil – He shares with us by His grace, through faith.

I.

“Everyone who has been born of God overcomes the world,” so says St. John. Now, when the Scriptures speak about the world, they speak about it in two different ways. In Lutheranism – and this has come up a lot in recent issues of the Lutheran Witness – we sometimes use the language of the “two kingdoms,” the kingdom of the left and the kingdom of the right. That’s kind of how St. John is speaking. Sometimes when the Scriptures speak about the world, they speak about it as God’s kingdom. They mean God’s kingdom of grace, of which we are now a part. In this kingdom, God rules by grace and the forgiveness of sins. Here we are restored to a right relationship with Him, with each other, and even with creation itself. At present, however, this is not something that we always see with our eyes. For example, we look around now and see empty spaces and pews. Although we are this morning worshipping with saints around the world and the choirs of heaven, it’s sometimes hard to picture. This is because God’s kingdom has not yet fully come.

Instead, what we see now is the kingdom we were born into by nature – which is the second way the Scriptures speak of the world – the fallen world, the kingdom of the devil. This is the world that St. John speaks of. In this fallen world, the devil and his minions play the part of lord. They sin and lead into sin. The devil holds captive many worldly authorities, the majority of the world’s population, and he even held us captive once. He still does when we refuse to listen to God’s Word and honor it with our lives, instead giving into temptation and its fruits. In this kingdom there is nothing but sin, death, and the hell that awaits to receive us in the end. This is the “world,” that Christ overcame and which – through faith – we have overcome, too.

II.

We’ll hear these words again next month, but this is what our Lord said Himself: “I have said these things to you that in Me you may have peace. In the world you will have tribulation. But take heart; I have overcome the world.” (John 16:33) Jesus said those words to comfort His disciples only hours before His betrayal. He said that because He knew exactly what would happen. He knew that it was for us that He took on flesh. He emptied Himself of His glory – for a time – so that He might suffer for us the temptations and assaults of the devil. It says in Hebrews, “we do not have a high priest who is unable to sympathize with our weaknesses, but one who in every respect has been tempted as we are, yet without sin.” (4:15)

It also says, “Since therefore the children share in flesh and blood, He Himself likewise partook of the same things, that through death He might destroy the one who has the power of death, that is, the devil, and deliver all those who through fear of death were subject to lifelong slavery.” (2:14-15) This is what Jesus announced to the disciples and to Thomas, by showing His hands and side. He was the same Jesus they knew and followed; He did die, but now He lives again. By His death, Jesus atoned for all human sin and by His resurrection, He broke death’s iron bars. He shattered the devil’s kingdom. He took away the strong man’s armor and is now dividing the spoil. St. John encouraged his hearers to not be afraid of false teachers, or death, or the devil himself, for Christ has won the victory. And, through faith, we share in the victory.

III.

“This is He who came by water and blood – Jesus Christ; not by the water only but by the water and the blood.” (v. 6) Here St. John speaks both about Jesus’ ministry and how He now comes to us. Jesus’ public ministry began with His baptism by John the Baptist in the Jordan River. It was there that the Holy Spirit descended on Jesus and the Father spoke, confirming that Jesus is His Son and His chosen one. The same Jesus is the one who shed His blood for us on the cross and, as Thomas testified, who is now risen from the dead. Through the water and the blood, He who is both God and man conquered the devil and his kingdom for us. That victory, He shares with us now through water and blood.

In the water of Holy Baptism, Jesus pours out on us the Holy Spirit. The Spirit works through the Word in that water to create faith and join us to Christ’s resurrection. In Baptism, Christ makes His resurrection our resurrection and bestows on us His victory over death and the grave. Through Baptism, we become members of His kingdom and, although the war is won, some fighting remains – since we remain in the flesh. To strengthen us in this fight, Christ comes to us by His blood in the Sacrament of the Altar. Through His body and blood, He bestows on us the forgiveness He won for us on the cross, and strengthens us for the fight – until His victory is made complete on the Last Day.

St. John, therefore, encourages us today: “Little children, you are from God and have overcome them, for He who is in you is greater than he who is in the world.” “And this is the victory that has overcome the world—our faith.” Through Christ’s resurrection, the devil and his kingdom are defeated. By faith, Christ makes His victory our own. Alleluia, Christ is risen! He is risen, indeed. Alleluia!

Praying to Our Father

Text: Lord’s Prayer, Introduction

On Wednesday we began our yearly time of deeper reflection on the cross of our Lord Jesus Christ. This holy season of Lent, in its 40 day length, recalls our Lord’s 40 days of temptation in the wilderness. Rather than be a time of overt somber, however, Lent is a time rich in grace where we have the opportunity to return to our baptism daily, take up our Lord’s cross, and follow. As our Lord spent His time in the wilderness praying and reflecting on God’s Word, so will our time this season be spent in heightened prayer and study. In the last few years, we relearned the Ten Commandments and the Apostles’ Creed. This year, we return to the Lord’s Prayer.

From ancient times, Lent was the time for catechesis. Those who desired to be baptized members of the body of Christ spent three years studying, memorizing, and praying God’s Word. At the end of the third year, on the Vigil of Easter, they confessed their faith using the words of the Apostles’ Creed and were baptized. Through that sacred washing, they became, with us, children of the heavenly Father. As His beloved children, we receive the precious promise of God – that we may speak to Him and know that He hears. In the Lord’s Prayer, our God invites us to speak to Him and assures us that He will hear and answer our prayers.

I.

Before we go further, however, we should answer a preliminary question. It’s a simple one, but it often trips people up: What is prayer? The newest revision of our catechism puts it this way – that prayer, simply, is “speaking to God in words and thoughts.” (Small Catechism with Explanation, CPH, pg. 231) If we wanted to branch out from that, we could say that prayer is “the communion of a believing heart with God.” (J.T. Mueller, Christian Dogmatics, pgs. 428-29) It says in Psalm 27, “You [O Lord] have said, ‘Seek My face.’ My heart says to You, ‘Your face, Lord, do I seek.” (Ps. 27:8 English Standard Version) Prayer is, essentially, an ongoing conversation between a child of God and their heavenly Father. It has salvation by faith in Christ as its basis, along with trust in His own promise to answer. There are many examples and many different kinds of prayer in Scripture. There are prayers of confession, supplication, intercession, thanksgiving, and praise. A prayer can be sung, spoken, or even spoken only before the Lord in the heart.

The prayer that we learn in the Catechism is called the Lord’s Prayer because it is the prayer that Jesus Himself has put in our mouths and on our hearts. In Scripture, we find it in Matthew 6 and Luke 11. Jesus gave it at the prompting of His disciples, when they asked Him how they should pray and speak to God. Because the words come from His own mouth, we can be sure when we pray it that it is pleasing to Him and that the things in it are things that we should be praying for. The Lord’s Prayer, as we said, isn’t the only prayer in Scripture, neither is it the only prayer we pray straight from the Bible – for example, we’ll sing the Nunc Dimittis after the Distribution; it is our treasure however, because we learn from it how to pray and what to pray for.

II.

The next question for us to ask is why we should pray. The first reason we pray is because prayer is a command of God. It falls under the Second Commandment. The reason the Lord gave us His name at all is so that we might use it: that we might know who it is who has redeemed us, teach and confess His Word rightly, and, yes, call upon Him directly in times of danger, need, and praise. God Himself says in the Psalms, “Call upon Me in the day of trouble; I will deliver you, and you shall glorify Me.” (50:15) Again, “In distress you called, and I delivered you.” (81:7) Jesus said, “I tell you, ask, and it will be given to you.” (Luke 11:9) St Paul teaches us, “Pray without ceasing, give thanks in all circumstances; for this is the will of God.” (1 Thessalonians 5:17-18) Yes, God commands prayer from us just as He demands we keep from killing, committing adultery, stealing, gossipping, and coveting. Excusing ourselves from prayer is the same in God’s eyes as setting aside any of His other commandments.

God doesn’t just command us to pray, however; He also moves us to pray with His precious and great promises. He said, “Call upon Me…I will deliver you.” Jesus said, “Ask, and it will be given to you.” He also said, “Whatever you ask in My name, this I will do.” (John 14:13) On the 6th Sunday of Easter, we’ll hear these words in the Gospel: “Ask, and you will receive, that your joy may be full.” (Jn. 16:24) In addition to the command of God, which by itself should move us to pray, we have these and many more promises that He does hear and answer us. Besides these two, also our own great need should move us to prayer. Finally, as if these reasons were still not enough, God even gives us the words to pray. We have the Lord’s Prayer of course, but we also have the Psalms and the other great songs of Scripture – all of which are prayers pleasing to our God in heaven and useful for us on earth.

III.

Let us now turn to the Introduction of the Lord’s Prayer. Let us speak it together as we normally do. I’ll ask the question if you would join me for the answer. 

Our Father who art in heaven.

What does this mean?

With these words God tenderly invites us to believe that He is our true Father and that we are His true children, so that with all boldness and confidence we may ask Him as dear children ask their dear father.

When the disciples asked our Lord to teach them how to pray, these were the first words He taught them to use: “Our Father.” Although, like the Prodigal Son, we are unworthy to address God of ourselves yet, by grace, He deigns to call Himself our Father. He is the Father of Creation by virtue of being its creator, but He makes Himself our Father and we, His children, through the washing of Holy Baptism. In that washing, He reclaimed us for Himself and snatched us out of the realm of the devil. He seats us here in His kingly hall not as strangers, but as His children and heirs. And, as a loving Father, He invites us to pray to Him.

Although we are unworthy to pray or to receive the things for which we pray, we can be confident before God and pray because He Himself has told us to do so. Our prayer is not based upon our own holiness or worthiness before God. In fact, to pray with such a mindset is an evil work and God will not answer that prayer but will, indeed, punish. Instead, with these words God calls Himself our Father and names us His children. He beckons us to speak to Him, that we come before Him in all times of trial and need and just see how He will answer and bless us. He has promised in the Psalms, “I am the Lord…who brought you up out of the land of Egypt. Open your mouth wide, and I will fill it.” (81:10) That is what we confess today. We turn to the Lord in prayer as children do their dear fathers, because He has promised to hear and answer. Thanks be to God. Amen.

The Proof that Faith is Living

Text: 2 Peter 1:2-11

A few weeks back we sang as the Hymn of the Day the hymn, “Salvation Unto Us Has Come.” I had us sing all ten stanzas both because it’s fun and because there is good teaching throughout the whole hymn. Tonight, I’d like to read particularly the ninth stanza. It goes: “Faith clings to Jesus’ cross alone and rests in Him unceasing; and by its fruits truth faith is known, with love and hope increasing. For faith alone can justify; works serve our neighbor and supply the proof that faith is living.” (Lutheran Service Book #555) Although it’s not listed with the other passages at the bottom, it’s possible that the author, Paul Speratus, had our text tonight in mind, also. St. Peter said, “His divine power has granted to us all things that pertain to life and godliness…For this very reason, make every effort to supplement your faith with virtue…If you practice these qualities you will never fall.” (2 Peter 1:3, 5, 10 English Standard Version)

St. Peter does not call on us to work out our salvation, as if our own good works could earn or even contribute to the forgiveness we receive through faith in Christ. Rather, having already received salvation by God’s grace through faith, Peter encourages us to bear fruit in keeping with that faith. He encourages us to seek the virtue, knowledge, self-control, and endurance that are produced in us by the Holy Spirit through the Word. In this way, we will live lives of faithfulness and love toward our neighbor and keep from being, “ineffective or unfruitful,” (v. 8) in our faith. As we have been granted all things by God’s grace, St. Peter encourages us to live faithfully in our calling.

I.

“Grace and peace be multiplied to you in the knowledge of God and of Jesus our Lord. His divine power has granted to us all things that pertain to life and godliness, through the knowledge of Him who called us to His own glory and excellence, by which He has granted to us His precious and very great promises.” (vv. 2-4) These are some of St. Peter’s opening words in this, his last epistle. This letter was written by Peter shortly before he was martyred by crucifixion for the faith that is in Jesus Christ. He wrote the things in this letter to be a reminder to all Christians of the grace we have received in Christ, and so that we may return to these words after Peter’s departure. Peter starts this letter by reminding baptized Christians of what they have received in Christ: “All things that pertain to life and godliness.” (v. 3)

Although the audience for this letter was faithful Christians spread throughout the world, none of them had always been Christians. Some were raised within Judaism, some in pagan households, perhaps even in atheistic families. In this way, we have something common, because, neither have we always been Christians. Rather, we were conceived and born enemies of God and subject to the corruption of sin. But, through Baptism – in Peter’s words – we have “escaped from the corruption that is in the world;” (v. 4) and that, only by God’s grace. Rather than hold our sins against us, God the Father exercised His divine power in mercy and grace. He sent His Son into the flesh to redeem us through His own death and resurrection. The Lord has granted to us all things that pertain to life and godliness by causing us to die to sin with Christ and rise with Him to newness of life. By His own grace, we are made heirs of His precious and great promise of eternal life in the new creation.

II.

“For this very reason, make every effort to supplement your faith with virtue, and virtue with knowledge, and knowledge with self-control, and self-control with steadfastness, and steadfastness with godliness, and godliness with brotherly affection, and brotherly affection with love.” (vv. 5-7) St. Peter wrote these words not as a commandment, but as encouragement from a faithful shepherd. He encourages us that, recognizing that God has already saved us from the corruption of sin and death, we live in keeping with that truth. He would have us, rather than keeping the promises of God to ourselves, live in His promises in love toward others. He would have us pursue what is good and noble, that we would learn to exercise self-control in all matters, that we would remain steadfast under trial and behave godly in the same. In all things, as we heard from the Apostle Paul on Sunday, Peter would have us conduct ourselves in love: brotherly affection toward Christians and, generally, toward all.

These things do not contribute to our salvation. Peter would spit that idea right out of his mouth. Rather, these things flow from a faith that is living and active. They do not create faith, but they exercise it. Just as we keep our bodies strong by exercising them, so faith is strengthened by being put to use. Not only would we benefit from that, but so might others. Martin Luther once said that God doesn’t need our works, but our neighbors do. Our neighbors who are not Christians would benefit greatly from our good witness. Through our kind behavior and faithful words, it may be that the Holy Spirit might call them to faith, too. Our neighbors in Christ can be strengthened by our witness, as well. Those who are young, particularly, learn from those who are old. Those of us who have been Christians a long time have a responsibility to be faithful in our witness and actions toward those who are young in the faith. When we seek to practice these virtues – self-control, and otherwise – although they do not create faith or earn us salvation, it keeps us from being ineffective and unfruitful.

III.

“Whoever lacks these qualities is so nearsighted that he is blind, having forgotten that he was cleansed from his former sins.” (v. 9) The Holy Spirit spoke these words through Peter because they are something we need to be reminded of. Because we are in the flesh, we remain both saint and sinner until the Resurrection. In the exercise of our lives, we have all found it easier to live as our sinful hearts desire. We would rather sleep in the darkness than be awake in light. Rather than confess our faith publicly, we would rather keep it to ourselves. Instead of investing our master’s mina and putting it to good use, we are like the servant who buries it. For this reason, we are here tonight.

Tonight is Ash Wednesday, the start of our Lenten journey with Christ to the cross. Although our salvation is accomplished, Lent is a time for us to put our Baptism into practice by daily confessing our sins, taking up our cross, and following. Tonight, we confess that we have not always been fruitful in our faith, we have not always been good witnesses nor loving toward our neighbor. We have behaved as if we have forgotten that we were cleansed from our former sins. Let us therefore return, again, and trust that the Lord has, indeed, provided all that that pertains to eternal life and pray that He would also lead us in the pursuit of godly virtue. In Jesus’ name.

Grace in Weakness

Text: 2 Corinthians 11:19-12:9

“Blessed be the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, the Father of mercies and God of all comfort, who comforts us in all our affliction, so that we may be able to comfort those who are in any affliction, with the comfort with which we ourselves are comforted by God. For as we share abundantly in Christ’s sufferings, so through Christ we share abundantly in comfort too.” (2 Corinthians 1:3-5 English Standard Version) These are some of St. Paul’s words to the Corinthians in this, his second epistle to them. They help us to understand our text today, but they are quite a change from his opening words in his first letter – which we’ll hear again in July – where he said, “Jews demand signs and Greeks seek wisdom, but we preach Christ crucified.” (1 Corinthians 1:22-23) By the inspiration of the Holy Spirit, St. Paul pairs these two together: the weakness of Christ’s cross and the comfort of the forgiveness of sins.

Paul spoke this way because, in his absence tending other congregations, some others came to the Corinthians claiming to speak for Christ. They came bearing letters of recommendation and demanded obedience. They were eloquent and wise, and the Corinthians readily received them – even though these taught that the Corinthians should submit again to the works of the Law. These others taught that forgiveness is given to those who merit it and that God’s power is made known chiefly in human power and strength – which these others exhibited and Paul didn’t. In our text today, St. Paul matches their boasting, but only to turn the Corinthians back toward Christ. His power to save was made perfect in the weakness of the cross and His grace is sufficient for us in our weaknesses, too.

I.

This is a divide between the true teaching of God’s Word and what dwells in our hearts by nature. We’ve spoken before about what are called the Theology of the Cross and the Theology of Glory. The Theology of Glory is the faith of the Old Adam. It holds that God’s grace and mercy is demonstrated among us in feats of power and strength. We’ve encountered before the idea, common among American Christians, that those who truly love God are blessed now with wealth, position, and good health. Those who lack these things, according to the Theology of Glory, must not be true Christians; or else, they don’t work hard enough. The Theology of Glory says that those who are pleasing to God can expect glory for themselves now, in this life. The Theology of the Cross, however, sets our eyes on the cross of Christ.

The Theology of the Cross holds, rightly, that God’s power – meaning, His power to save – is not demonstrated among us in our power, strength, or glory, but in the weakness of Christ. Human power always seeks to build itself up, to gain more, exercise more, but divine power goes in the opposite direction. We confess every week that Christ – with whom God the Father is well-pleased – was not content to dwell in His eternal splendor. Instead, He set it aside and willingly humbled Himself for us. He became in every way as we are – except without sin – He became as weak as we are. He experienced life in every way that we do – filled with anxieties, cares, and worries. Then, He submitted Himself to the ultimate weakness – the shame of death on a cross. In this way, His Word to St. Paul was true: “My grace is sufficient for you, for My power is made perfect in weakness.” (2 Corinthians 12:9) Jesus meant, His power to save and grant forgiveness was made perfect and complete in the weakness of His cross. Through His death and resurrection, Jesus won comfort for all who are in any trouble.

II.

Trouble is something that St. Paul was familiar with. We heard his list being recounted for us in the text: imprisonments, beatings, “[being] often near death,” 5 times receiving the “forty lashes less one,” 3 times being beaten by the Romans with rods; he was stoned, shipwrecked and adrift at sea, and in constant danger. The point of his list is to compare to those others who had come to the Corinthians. They claimed that their wisdom and way with words was proof they were sent from God. If that is true, Paul would say, then what’s the deal? The truth is, as our Lord said, “If the world hates you, know that it has hated Me before it hated you. If you were of the world, the world would love you as its own; but because you are not of the world, but I chose you out of the world, therefore the world hates you.” (John 15:18-19) Just as Paul said in the beginning, as Christ shared in our sufferings, so we share in His.

Paul didn’t share his list of troubles because he delighted in them – far from it. In fact, we heard about his “thorn in the flesh,” how he pleaded with the Lord three times for it to be removed. It was not, however, the Lord’s will for him. Instead, Paul would continue to share in Christ’s suffering so that, in the life to come, he might share in Christ’s glory. In the meantime, in the now, Christ would strengthen Paul to endure all things with His grace. Jesus told Paul, “My grace is sufficient for you, for My power is made perfect in weakness.” Although He would not remove from Paul all earthly suffering, He would sustain him in the midst of it. And the Lord did. Paul was strengthened in the confidence that, because Christ lived, he would also. Paul knew what we often hear at funerals, “this light momentary affliction is preparing for us an eternal weight of glory beyond all comparison, as we look not to the things that are seen but to the things that are unseen.” (2 Cor. 4:17-18) This is to say, because we have the forgiveness of sins through faith in the weakness of Christ’s cross, suffering and death will not defeat Paul. Rather, death itself will be swallowed up in life.

III.

In his sermon on the Sunday after Easter, Martin Luther reflected on the disciples who had locked themselves away after the crucifixion for fear of the Jews – how the Lord appeared to them and made them unafraid. Luther commented, “Christ [gives] peace in a different way than the world has and gives, namely, by soothing the heart, making it content, and inwardly taking away the fear and fright, even though outwardly hostility and misfortune remain…In this fear and anxiety the Lord comes, soothes their hearts, and sets them at peace—not by taking away the danger, but by [making] their hearts being unafraid.” (Luther’s Works, Vol. 77, pg. 127) In essence, God’s power isn’t demonstrated chiefly in feats of glory, but in sustaining and comforting those who are weak. Our Lord’s mother sang in the Magnificat that the Lord brings down the mighty, but raises the lowly. And, that is a word that describes us.

Here we are. We are few in number, oftentimes short on funds. Although our sanctuaries are beautiful, they are not fancy in the way that some are. Although we can keep a tune, few of us will be winning contests. Some of us, myself included, are relatively young; but most of us aren’t. And with age often comes illness, weakness. We all feel the pressure of life in this world, the uncertainty of both future and present. At times, maybe even now, we are afraid, we are beat down. But, as Paul said elsewhere, we are “struck down, but not destroyed,” (2 Cor. 4:9) because Christ’s power is made perfect in weakness. Even though we are feeble and weak as the world would measure it, there is within us a strength beyond all telling. There dwells within us, the life and grace of Christ.

In our Baptism, we were united to Christ; we became one with Him, both in His suffering and in His life. Although He does not always remove external suffering and misfortune from us, He does take it out of our hearts. When we are faced with suffering, we can be confident that it is but for a moment; the Lord’s favor lasts for a lifetime. Moreover, the sufferings we endure prepare us for the eternal joy to come. It is through this message that the Lord sustains us. He has accomplished for us all that is necessary. By faith in Him we have the forgiveness of sins and, strengthened by His grace, we will overcome all things: be it the coronavirus, financial uncertainty, membership ebbs and flows. In the midst of our weakness, even, He sets us a table and His cup of forgiveness overflows for us.

The Lord doesn’t exercise His power primarily by feats of human strength and power, but by sustaining those who are weary. Such has He done for us all our lives up to this point, and so will He always do in the days to come; for, as He has said, “My grace is sufficient for you, for my power is made perfect in weakness.”

Race to Win

Text: 1 Corinthians 9:24-10:5

The Latin title for this Sunday in the Church Year is Septuagesima. It means, “about seventy days to Easter.” It may feel like we just made it out of Christmas but, already (and always as Christians), our eyes are set toward the death and resurrection of our Lord Jesus Christ for the forgiveness of our sins. Actually, we already had mention of Jesus’ death and resurrection last week in the Gospel. He told Peter, James, and John not to say anything about the Transfiguration until after, “the Son of Man is raised from the dead.” (Matthew 17:9 English Standard Versions) The Transfiguration teaches us, in part, that glory comes through suffering – particularly, the suffering of Christ – but, also, how we will receive our heavenly crown only after taking up our crosses and following. This is what St. Paul is getting at in our Epistle text today.

He uses the example of an athlete to demonstrate how we are to live our lives as Christians. Many athletes run in a race, for example, but only one wins the prize. The winner is the one who exercises self-control, keeps their body in submission, and sets their mind fully on the end goal. Earthly athletes do what they do for a perishable prize. We see how hard they exercise their bodies, and that for something that will ultimately fade. How much more should we, Christians, who are working toward an imperishable prize, behave the same? St. Paul encourages us this week to view our Christian lives as runners do a race: keeping our eye on the prize and exercising self-control in all things.

I.

Oftentimes in Scripture we find illustrations that we don’t immediately understand. One that comes up from time to time that I don’t usually get is when our Lord said, “No one puts new wine into old wineskins. If he does, the new wine will burst the skins and it will be spilled, and the skins will be destroyed.” (Luke 5:37) I kind of know what that means now, but not really. However, today St. Paul gives us an illustration that most will understand. He said, “Do you not know that in a race all the runners run, but only one receives the prize? So run that you may obtain it. Every athlete exercises self-control in all things. They do it to receive a perishable wreath, but we an imperishable.” (1 Corinthians 9:24-25) St. Paul’s ministry in Corinth lasted nearly three years. In the year 51 there was an event in Corinth called the Isthmian Games; it’s likely that Paul could’ve been there and seen the events, which included racing and boxing.

In a race, more so than in boxing, many people run. On a track, you have less; in a cross country race, more, sometimes many more. Part of a race, though, is that not everyone can win; otherwise, it wouldn’t be a race. “Only one receives the prize,” St. Paul said. The one who takes the prize is the one who, “exercises self-control in all things,” who disciplines their body and keeps it under control. Those of you who have children who are athletes get to witness some of this. We all have some idea of what professional athletes go through in order to compete. In either case, what they compete and strive for is a “perishable crown.” If they strive and struggle so hard for temporary fame, wealth, or glory, how much more should we, who seek to be heirs of Christ’s eternal kingdom do so, as well? Paul offers himself as an example, “So I do not run aimlessly; I do not box as one beating the air. But I discipline my body and keep it under control, lest after preaching to others I myself should be disqualified.” (vv. 26-27)

II.

He then turns to one of the more difficult illustrations in Scripture, that of Israel in the wilderness. See, when athletes compete in a race they know that only one is going to win. Those who lose the race will, likely, race again and try harder the next time. There are no eternal consequences for losing a footrace. There are if we fail in our race as Christians. “I do not want you to be unaware, brothers, that our fathers were all under the cloud, and all passed through the sea, and all were baptized into Moses in the cloud and in the sea, and all ate the same spiritual food, and all drank the same spiritual drink…Nevertheless, with most of them God was not pleased, for they were overthrown in the wilderness.” (10:1-5) God in His great mercy brought the children of Israel up out of slavery in Egypt. Based upon His own promise, He led them through the sea on dry ground and directed them toward a land flowing with milk and honey. Although they all passed through the sea, ate the manna, and drank from the rock, nearly all who left Egypt died in the desert as discipline from the Lord. 

All who were over the age of 20 fell in the wilderness because they did not keep their “eyes on the prize;” they did not exercise self-control. You know how, while Moses was up on Sinai receiving the Commandments from God, the children were down below worshipping the Golden Calf. This was only the first example of their idolatry; there are many more. In addition, Israel did not listen to the Lord’s command not to intermarry with other nations. Instead, they adopted the false gods of the people around them and engaged in sexual immorality with them, too. And, as if these sins weren’t enough, Israel grumbled against God the whole way. They refused to enter the Promised Land and hated the good food God provided them. They did not bear in mind their final goal, they did not exercise self-control; as result, they were overthrown. God punished them. Although we maybe shouldn’t assume that they all died in unbelief; Scripture doesn’t paint us a rosy picture. St. Paul said, “Do you not know that in a race all the runners run, but only one receives the prize? So run that you may obtain it.” Here, he speaks of our lives as Christians.

III.

We do not run for a temporary prize, but for an eternal crown of glory which will not fade away. We do not deserve to be in this race. We were, like our parents and their parents before them, born sinful and unclean. We were born enemies of God and subject to His wrath, but He had mercy on us. He brought us to the waters of Holy Baptism and washed away the evil and malice that resided in our hearts by nature. He gave to us a new, clean heart and poured into it the Holy Spirit. Through Baptism, the Holy Spirit resides in us, giving us and maintaining in us the gift of faith. He always works to point us to the death and resurrection of Jesus for the forgiveness of our sins. Moreover, He works fruits in our hearts: “love, joy, peace, patience, kindness, goodness, faithfulness, gentleness, self-control.” (Galatians 5:22-23)

We heard back in Advent, how these things in Scripture were written for our instruction. Today we confess that, if athletes work so hard – keeping their eyes on their goals and their bodies in check – for a perishable prize, so should we for an imperishable. How this looks is that we remember whose children we are, what we are here for, and where we look to be. In Baptism, God made us His children. He brought us out of darkness – things like idolatry, adultery, and covetousness – and into His marvelous light. He provides for us to remain here in this life, as our Lord said, to be “the light of the world,” and, “a city set on a hill.” (Matthew 5:14) Our call as Christians is to live faithfully within our vocations: to hear and keep God’s Word, bearing witness before others to the love of Christ through our own words and actions. We do this so that in the end, by God’s grace, we may enter into His eternal creation where there will be no more sin, death, sadness. This is the race that we run.

Now, we don’t always run perfectly; we’ve confessed that already this morning. We do not always exercise self-control as we should. We do not always act as those headed to heaven, even though by God’s grace, we are already now citizens there. Let us learn from the example of the Israelites, then, and live lives of repentance and faith. This is, after all, what it means to be baptized, “that the Old Adam in us should by daily contrition and repentance be drowned and die with all sins and evil desires, and that a new man should daily emerge and arise to live before God in righteousness and purity forever.” To that end, let us implore God the Holy Spirit. We pray:

O Holy Spirit, grant us grace, that we our Lord and Savior, in faith and fervent love, embrace and truly serve Him ever. Help us that, we, Thy saving Word in faithful hearts, may treasure; Let e’er that Bread of life afford new grace in richest measure. Make us die to ev’ry sin, each day create new life within, that fruits of faith may flourish. And when our earthly race is run, death’s bitter hour impending, Then may Thy work in us begun continue till life’s ending, until we gladly may commend our souls into our Savior’s hand, the crown of life obtaining. Through Jesus Christ, our Lord.

Lutheran Service Book 693

Inspired Eyewitness Testimony

Text: 2 Peter 1:16-21

Today we gather to celebrate the Transfiguration of Our Lord. The Transfiguration is the event we heard of in the Gospel where, on His holy mountain, in the presence of Peter, James, and John, our Lord’s appearance was changed. St. Matthew writes that His face, “shone like the sun and His clothes became white as light.” (Matthew 17:2 English Standard Version) Moreover, Moses and Elijah appeared and spoke with Jesus about what St. Luke calls Jesus’ “Exodus,” meaning, His suffering, death, and resurrection for the forgiveness of our sins. (Lk. 9:31) Finally, the cloud of God’s glory overshadowed them and the Father Himself spoke, “This is My beloved Son, with whom I am well pleased.” (17:5) Understandably, the disciples were filled with fear; but when they rose again they saw only Jesus, who comforted them. In the Transfiguration, we hear the witness of Scripture and the Father Himself that Jesus is the Messiah and we receive a glimpse of the glory to be revealed when He comes again to judge the living and the dead.

The question before us today is brought up by our Epistle text and it is: why believe this stuff, or anything in Scripture? We live now, as Christians always have, in a world that doubts anything supernatural. Moreover, because the Scriptures speak about Jesus, the old Adam kicks and many assert that it’s all made up, or else borrows from other ancient literature. Why, therefore should we believe what the Bible says? St. Peter testifies, “We did not follow cleverly devised myths when we made known to you the power and coming of our Lord Jesus Christ, but we were eyewitnesses of His majesty.” (2 Peter 1:16) In their preaching, the Apostles proclaimed what they themselves saw with their own eyes. The prophets of old, as well, did not prophesy their own ideas but, “men spoke from God as they were carried along by the Holy Spirit.” (v. 21) Because the Scriptures were written by eyewitnesses and men inspired by the Holy Spirit, we can be certain of the forgiveness and hope we have in Christ.

I.

Said St. Peter, “We did not follow cleverly devised myths when we made known to you the power and coming of our Lord Jesus Christ, but we were eyewitnesses of His majesty.” With these words, St. Peter responded to those who were critics of his preaching – and that of all the apostles. Evidently, the charge of these critics was that what the Apostles preached was made up, or, at least, borrowed heavily from myths. Peter says he had been charged with teaching “cleverly devised,” myths; that is, tales that were crafted with the intent to deceive people. The people who claimed this of Peter were once Christians themselves, but had rejected the Holy Spirit for the pleasures of the flesh and sought others to join them. Peter wrote in the next chapter, “But false prophets also arose among the people, just as there will be false teachers among you, who will secretly bring in destructive heresies, even denying the Master who bought them…And many will follow their sensuality, and because of them the way of truth will be blasphemed.” (2:1-2)

To the contrary, the faithful should continue to listen to the preaching of the Apostles because they were not spinning tales but relating events that they were eyewitnesses of. Peter references the Transfiguration. He said, “When [Jesus] received honor and glory from God the Father, and the voice was borne to Him by the Majestic Glory, ‘This is My beloved Son, with whom I am well pleased,’  we ourselves heard this very voice borne from heaven, for we were with Him on the holy mountain.” (vv. 17-18) Although we live in a time where eyewitness testimony is often questioned or qualified, in the ancient world it was the standard of proof. In December, we heard St. John’s testimony concerning his Gospel, “This is the disciple who is bearing witness about these things, and who has written these things, and we know that his testimony is true.” (Jn. 21:24) Why should Christians believe what Peter and the Apostles preached? Because they were eyewitnesses.. They did not relate what others saw or make up clever tales; but what they saw, they spoke and what they heard they taught.

II.

But what about the Old Testament? Peter’s critics weren’t content with accusing him of lying. They charged the prophets of old as also being false. If we credit the New Testament as being delivered by eyewitnesses, that’s one thing. Some of the Old Testament was written by eyewitnesses, but much of it is prophecy – things only to be fulfilled in Christ, hundreds and thousands of years later from the perspective of the prophets; why should we believe them? “We did not follow cleverly devised myths…,” said St. Peter; “We were eyewitnesses of His majesty.” Then, he continued, “And we have the prophetic word more fully confirmed…knowing this first of all, that no prophecy of Scripture comes from someone’s own interpretation. For no prophecy was ever produced by the will of man, but men spoke from God as they were carried along by the Holy Spirit.” (vv. 19-21)

Although there are many examples of the prophets writing of things they experienced firsthand, the ultimate reason we should listen to them is whose words they spoke. The pagan prophets would claim to receive a vision. Then they would take some time to interpret said vision, and that’s what the people would receive – the prophet’s interpretation of their vision or dream. In contrast, the prophets of God spoke exactly and only the words that God Himself gave them. When God sent a prophet, He didn’t let them ad-lib; He gave them the words and called them to speak. We’ll hear these words of God later in the year, “Let the prophet who has a dream tell the dream, but let him who has My word speak My word faithfully.” (Jer. 23:28) When God sent a prophet, He sent them with the words to speak and they either spoke them or shut them up in their heart like Jonah. There was no human interpretation or spin, but only the words of the Holy Spirit.

“For no prophecy was ever produced by the will of man, but men spoke from God as they were carried along by the Holy Spirit.” This is one of those passages where we receive what is called the doctrine of Inspiration. As Christians, we confess what Peter teaches, that Scripture is not the word of man, but the Word of God. We believe that the very words on the page were given to the prophets and apostles by the Holy Spirit. They were inspired. Though it is okay to speak of the human authors of Scripture – because they were men who set “pen to paper,” ultimately the words were not theirs but God’s. So, St. Peter responded to his critics, Christians should believe his preaching because it is not myth but eyewitness testimony. And, moreover, they should believe the witness of the Old Testament prophets because they, as well, spoke not their own words but as they were “carried along by the Holy Spirit.”

III.  

Why bring all this up, though, and why speak this way? Why did the Holy Spirit inspire St. Peter to write this paragraph at all? You know the answer. There’s a Bible verse we sing before the Gospel when we follow Divine Service, Setting IV. Take a second and run it through your head. “These things are written so that you may believe that Jesus is the Christ, the Son of God.” (Jn. 20:31) St. Peter turns our attention the way he does so that we can have certainty about the things we have believed. The things written in the Gospels and Epistles were not made up, but delivered to us by men who witnessed them themselves – or, in the cases of Mark and Luke, who wrote under the supervision of those that did. The Old Testament, too, was written by the inspiration of the Holy Spirit so that the words we read and learn are the very words of God and are true.

Therefore, we can have certainty that we have the forgiveness of our sins. Jesus did come in the flesh. He was born for us. He did live in perfect keeping with God’s Law. He did suffer, die, and rise for us. These things did happen. The promise that Jesus makes – that those who trust in Him receive the free and full forgiveness of their sins – is true. And so we are forgiven. Because the Scriptures were written by eyewitnesses inspired by the Holy Spirit, not only can we be confident in the forgiveness of our sins but also in our hope of the life to come. Peter’s critics also doubted the return of Christ for judgement, but because His Words are true, so it will come that Christ will return on the clouds to raise the dead and bring us into His new and eternal creation.

Until that day, St. Peter says, “we have the prophetic word more fully confirmed, to which you will do well to pay attention as to a lamp shining in a dark place.” (v. 19) Although we are coming out of one of the stranger years of our lives, it remains for us to continue in a dark and sinful world. Our lives now are filled with both joy and woe, bane and blessing, and the Word helps us to navigate through it all. By the Scriptures, the Holy Spirit works to point us (and repoint us) to Christ, so that we may be sure of the forgiveness and hope that we have in Him. “We did not follow cleverly devised myths when we made known to you the power and coming of our Lord Jesus Christ, but we were eyewitnesses of His majesty.” Thanks be to God. Amen.

Peace Through His Word

Text: Romans 15:4-13

A little while back we had a guest come to St. John’s for the organ rededication. After the service he led a very helpful Bible study on how the Lutheran Church has more Bible in its service than any other. That statement sounds provocative at first; but if we page through the Divine Service and consider the small writing on the right side of every page, we can see that it’s true. Nearly everything spoken or sung in the Divine Service is either a direct quote from Scripture or a close paraphrase. The same is true for the prayer offices we use: Prayer and Preaching, Evening Prayer, and now Vespers. This inclusion of God’s Word in nearly everything we say and do as a congregation is intentional; but have you ever considered why?

St. Paul wrote in our Epistle this week, “Whatever was written in former days was written for our instruction, that through endurance and through the encouragement of the Scriptures we might have hope.” (Romans 15:4 English Standard Version) St. Paul could just as easily be writing this to us, who now are living through one of the stranger years of our lives. What was written before us was written so that we might have hope. St. Paul had the Old Testament Scriptures in mind in this text, but certainly he would include what we know as the New Testament. We read, sing, and hear the Scriptures in our worship and lives because it is through them that the God of Hope grants us endurance and encouragement.

I.

“For whatever was written in former days,” St. Paul wrote, “was written for our instruction, that through endurance and through the encouragement of the Scriptures we might have hope. May the God of endurance and encouragement grant you to live in such harmony with one another, in accord with Christ Jesus, that together you may with one voice glorify the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ.” (vv. 4-6) We are here today because we are those who have been called by the Holy Spirit to faith in Christ. We, with the one voice of faith, are united with Christians around the world who also have gathered to hear the Word and sing His praise. We confess, however, that, since the Fall, there have existed on earth a multitude of false religions in addition to the worship of the one true God, the Triune God. Many of these so-called religions have their own religious texts, but relatively few have it written down. We are included among those who have a written Scripture. If the goal of Scripture is, according to Paul, that we have hope – this is something that God could have done without writing things down. So, why did God choose to communicate with us in this way?

In Confirmation we learned how important it is for us to have someone outside of ourselves speak the forgiveness of sins to us. Like King David when he committed adultery with Bathsheba, we can be blind to our own guilt. We need someone or something to call us to repentance and also to announce that we are forgiven in Christ. It needs to come from outside of us so that we can be sure that what is said is true, and not a whisper of the Old Adam. God gave us His Word in writing, in part, so that we can have something external to us that speaks to us of our sin and the forgiveness that is in Christ. An added benefit of something being written is that it can also be tested. This is also something that separates us from the false religions of the world. The Bible contains many historical events and claims. Unlike other religions, more and more the science of archaeology is finding evidence that what the Bible says is, indeed, true. In other words, science concurs with our faith. It cannot prove it, but it does speak to it.

God gave us His Word in writing so that we might have something external to us, something that can be verified, something that doesn’t change. We know well the words of St. Isaiah, “The grass withers, the flower fades, but the Word of our God will stand forever.” (40:8) Our Lord also said Himself, “Heaven and earth will pass away, but My Words will not pass away.” (Mt. 24:35) Our God is merciful and does not desire His people to be tossed around on the waves like a ship on the ocean, but to have a firm foundation like a house built on the rock. God’s Word is our rock, and it is through this rock that He grants to us – His faithful people – endurance and encouragement.

II.

“Whatever was written in former days was written for our instruction, that through endurance and through the encouragement of the Scriptures we might have hope,” says the Holy Spirit through St. Paul. God has given us His Word in writing so that we might have something external, fixed, verifiable. Through it He grants us endurance and encouragement. Really, the English words here fail us a little bit. The Holy Spirit implies something beyond just endurance; something like a fortitude, a steadfastness and perseverance in the face of extreme difficulty. Such did He grant to the Christians who have gone before us. In Hebrews 11, we hear a catalog of those before us who also lived, “by faith.” At one point it speaks about those, 

who through faith conquered kingdoms, enforced justice, obtained promises, stopped the mouths of lions, quenched the power of fire, escaped the edge of the sword, were made strong out of weakness, became mighty in war, put foreign armies to flight…Some were tortured, refusing to accept release, so that they might rise again to a better life. Others suffered mocking and flogging, and even chains and imprisonment. They were stoned, they were sawn in two, they were killed with the sword. They went about in skins of sheep and goats, destitute, afflicted, mistreated— of whom the world was not worthy—wandering about in deserts and mountains, and in dens and caves of the earth.

Hebrews 11:33-38

When we hear the accounts of what the saints have gone through and endured before us, we hear what the Holy Spirit granted them through the Word – an endurance, a perseverance through the most extreme of situations.

And just as the English word “endurance” doesn’t quite cut it, neither does the Word “encouragement.” This is really the word “comfort,” as when we call the Holy Spirit “The Comforter.” He is the Comforter because, through the Word, not only does He give to us the endurance to face all things in Christ, He also comforts us with the fact that our sins are forgiven. Come what may, whatever the devil may throw at us to steal our faith or whatever the Lord may allow to strengthen our faith, we are comforted that our place before God is secure – not because of us, but because of Him. God the Father in mercy sent His Son into the flesh. He kept His promise to remove our sins from us and bring us into a new heavens and earth where righteousness dwells, and not sin. When we hear this, we can take comfort.

It is with gladness that we confess that our worship service is permeated with God’s Word. It is filled with it; and this isn’t by accident. Rather, our services are filled with the Word because it is through it that our merciful God, the God of Hope, grants us perseverance and comfort. In the Word we have something outside of us that stands the test of time and that will endure, unlike all other things on earth. Let us, therefore, give thanks to God and pray that His Word would be preserved among us always.

Preserve your Word and preaching.

The truth that makes us whole,

The mirror of your glory,

The power that saves the soul.

Oh, may this living water,

This dew of heavenly grace,

Sustain us while here living

Until we see your face. – “Preserve Your Word, O Savior,” The Lutheran Hymnal #264